Flexible container with fitment and process for producing same

ABSTRACT

A flexible container is provided. The flexible container includes four panels. The four panels form (i) a body portion; (ii) a neck portion, and a flare portion that extends from the neck portion; (iii) a tapered transition portion between the body portion and the neck portion; and (iv) the neck portion has a reduced width. The flare portion has an expanded end. The width of the flare portion gradually increases from the neck portion to the expanded end.

BACKGROUND

The present disclosure is directed to a flexible container fordispensing a flowable material and a process for producing the flexiblecontainer.

Known are flexible containers with a gusseted body section. Thesegusseted flexible containers are currently produced using flexible filmswhich are folded to form gussets and heat sealed in a perimeter shape.The gusseted body section opens to form a flexible container with asquare cross section or a rectangular cross section. The gussets areterminated at the bottom of the container to form a substantially flatbase, providing stability when the container is partially or whollyfilled. The gussets are also terminated at the top of the container toform an open neck for receiving a rigid fitment and closure.

Conventional procedures for fabricating gusseted flexible containerswith a rigid fitment have shortcomings. One conventional approach onlypartially heat seals the flexible container—requiring the bottom of thecontainer to remain unsealed or otherwise open. The rigid fitment issubsequently inserted through the open bottom of the container and intothe neck. Once the fitment is placed into the neck, the heat sealprocess continues, with a heat seal formed to close the previously-opencontainer bottom. This approach is inefficient as it interrupts theperimeter heat seal procedure and requires two steps to form thecontainer.

Another conventional approach requires the rigid fitment to be manuallyinstalled, upside down, into the neck opening. The fitment is thenrotated by hand inside of the flexible container and pushed into place,aligning the fitment with the neck opening to allow proper sealingbetween the flexible container film structure and the fitment. Thefitment is subsequently clamp heat sealed to the neck. This approach iscumbersome, labor intensive and time consuming.

A need exists for a process of producing a gusseted flexible containerwhich increases production efficiencies such as shortened productiontime, reduction of manual tasks via automation, and a streamlining ofproduction steps.

A need further exists for a process of producing a gusseted flexiblecontainer with a fitment having improved impact strength.

A need further exists for a gusseted flexible container having a fitmentwith improved impact resistance and/or a thin-walled fitment.

SUMMARY

The present disclosure provides a process for producing a flexiblecontainer and the resultant flexible container.

In an embodiment, a process for producing a flexible container isprovided and includes (A) providing a flexible container with fourpanels. The four panels form (i) a body portion, (ii) a neck portion,and a flare portion that extends from the neck portion, (iii) a taperedtransition portion between the body portion and the neck portion. (iv)The neck portion has a reduced width, and the flare portion has anexpanded end. The width of the flare portion gradually increases fromthe neck portion to the expanded end of the flare portion. The processincludes (B) inserting a fitment into the flare portion from theexpanded end.

The present disclosure provides another process. In an embodiment, aprocess for producing a flexible container is provided and includes (A)providing a flexible container with four panels, the four panels forming(i) a body portion, (ii) a neck portion, (iii) a tapered transitionportion between the body portion and the neck portion, and (iv) the neckportion has a reduced width. The process includes (B) adding, throughthe neck portion, a flowable substance into the container interior; and(C) sealing the neck portion.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a front elevation view of a flexible container in a collapsedconfiguration in accordance with an embodiment of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 2 is an exploded side elevation view of a panel sandwich.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the flexible container of FIG. 1 in anexpanded configuration and in accordance with an embodiment of thepresent disclosure.

FIG. 4 is a bottom plan view of the expanded flexible container of FIG.3 in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 5 is a top plan view of the flexible container of FIG. 3.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of area 6 of FIG. 1

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a mandrel and a fitment in accordancewith an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a mandrel supporting a fitment inaccordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a fitment being inserted into theexpanded end of the flare portion in accordance with an embodiment ofthe present disclosure.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a fitment being inserted into theexpanded end of the flare portion in accordance with an embodiment ofthe present disclosure.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a fitment being inserted into the neckportion in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 12 is a perspective view of the fitment being sealed to the neckportion in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 13 is a perspective view of the fitment being sealed to the neckportion in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIGS. 14-15 are perspective views of a scoring device in accordance withan embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 16 is a perspective view of an excess flare portion in accordancewith an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 17 is a perspective view of a flexible container with a fitment inaccordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 18 is a perspective view of a flexible container with a neck sealin accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 19 is a perspective view of a flexible container with a flare sealin accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The present disclosure provides a process and a flexible containerproduced from the process. In an embodiment, the process includes (A)providing a flexible container with four panels. The four panels form(i) a body portion; (ii) a neck portion, and a flare portion thatextends from the neck portion; (iii) a tapered transition portionbetween the body portion and the neck portion; and (iv) the neck portionhas a reduced width, the flare portion has an expanded end; and thewidth of the flare portion gradually increases from the neck portion tothe flare expanded end (i.e., the expanded end of the flare portion).The process includes (B) inserting a fitment into the flare portion fromthe expanded end.

1. Flexible Container

The process includes providing a flexible container 10. Flexiblecontainer 10 has a collapsed configuration (as shown in FIG. 1) and hasan expanded configuration (shown in FIGS. 3, 4, 5). FIG. 1 shows theflexible container 10 having a bottom section I, a body section II, atapered transition section III, a neck section IV, and a flare sectionV. In the expanded configuration, the bottom section I forms a bottomsegment 26. The body section II forms a body portion. The taperedtransition section III forms a tapered transition portion. The necksection IV forms a neck portion. The flare section V forms a flareportion.

The flexible container 10 is made from four panels. During thefabrication process, the panels are formed when one or more webs of filmmaterial are sealed together. While the webs may be separate pieces offilm material, it will be appreciated that any number of the seamsbetween the webs could be “pre-made,” as by folding one or more of thesource webs to create the effect of a seam or seams. For example, if itwere desired to fabricate the present flexible container from two websinstead of four, the bottom left center, and right center webs could bea single folded web, instead of three separate webs. Similarly, one,two, or more webs may be used to produce each respective panel (i.e., abag-in-a-bag configuration or a bladder configuration).

FIG. 2 shows the relative positions of the four webs as they form fourpanels (in a “one up” configuration) as they pass through thefabrication process. For clarity, the webs are shown as four individualpanels, the panels separated and the heat seals not made. Theconstituent webs form first gusset panel 18, second gusset panel 20,front panel 22 and rear panel 24. The panels 18-24 are a multilayer filmas discussed in detail below. The gusset fold lines 60 and 62 are shownin FIGS. 1 and 2.

As shown in FIG. 2, the folded gusset panels 18, 20 are placed betweenthe rear panel 24 and the front panel 22 to form a “panel sandwich.” Thegusset panel 18 opposes the gusset panel 20. The edges of the panels18-24 are configured, or otherwise arranged, to form a common periphery11 as shown in FIG. 1. The flexible multilayer film of each panel web isconfigured so that the heat seal layers face each other. The commonperiphery 11 includes the bottom seal area including the bottom end ofeach panel.

When the container 10 is in the collapsed configuration, the flexiblecontainer is in a flattened, or in an otherwise evacuated state. Thegusset panels 18, 20 fold inwardly (dotted gusset fold lines 60, 62 ofFIG. 1) and are sandwiched by the front panel 22 and the rear panel 24.

FIGS. 3-5 show flexible container 10 in the expanded configuration. Theflexible container 10 has four panels, a front panel 22, a back panel24, a first gusset panel 18 and a second gusset panel 20. The fourpanels 18, 20, 22, and 24 form the body section II and extend toward atop end 44 and extend toward a bottom end 46 of the container 10.Sections III, IV, and V (respective tapered transition section, necksection, and flare section) form a top segment 28. Section I (bottomsection) forms a bottom segment 26.

The four panels 18, 20, 22 and 24 can each be composed of a separate webof film material. The composition and structure for each web of filmmaterial can be the same or different. Alternatively, one web of filmmaterial may also be used to make all four panels and the top and bottomsegments. In a further embodiment, two or more webs can be used to makeeach panel.

In an embodiment, four webs of film material are provided, one web offilm for each respective panel 18, 20, 22, and 24. The process includessealing edges of each film to the adjacent web of film to formperipheral seals 41 (FIGS. 1, 3, 4, 5). The peripheral tapered seals 40a-40 d are located on the bottom segment 26 of the container as shown inFIG. 4. The peripheral seals 41 are located on the side edges of thecontainer 10. Consequently the process includes forming a closed bottomsection I, a closed body section II, and a closed tapered transitionsection III.

To form the top segment 28 and the bottom segment 26, the four webs offilm converge together at the respective end and are sealed together.For instance, the top segment 28 can be defined by extensions of thepanels sealed together at the tapered transition section III, the necksection IV, and the flare section V. The top end 44 includes four toppanels 28 a-28 d (FIG. 5) of film that define the top segment 28. Thebottom segment 26 can be defined by extensions of the panels sealedtogether at the bottom section I. The bottom segment 26 can also havefour bottom panels 26 a-26 d of film sealed together and can also bedefined by extensions of the panels at the opposite end 46 as shown inFIG. 4.

The neck portion can extend from the transition portion. Alternatively,the neck portion can extend from one of the four panels of the bodyportion, or from a corner of the body portion.

In an embodiment, the neck 30 is positioned at a midpoint of the topsegment 28. The neck 30 may (or may not) be sized smaller than a widthof the body section III, such that the neck 30 can have an area that isless than a total area of the top segment 28. The location of the neck30 can be anywhere on the top segment 28 of the container 10.

In an embodiment, the neck is formed from two or more panels. In afurther embodiment, the neck 30 is formed from four panels.

Although FIGS. 1 and 3 show the flexible container 10 with a top handle12 and a bottom handle 14, it is understood the flexible container maybe fabricated without handles or with only one handle. When the flexiblecontainer has a top handle, the neck is preferably located on the topsegment between the handle legs to facilitate easy pouring.

In an embodiment, the neck 30 is located in the top segment 28 and iscentered between the legs 13 of the top handle 12.

The four panels of film that form the flexible container 10 extend fromthe body section II (forming body portion 47), to the tapered transitionsection III (forming tapered transition portion 48), to form a neckportion 30 (in the neck section IV) and a flare portion 50 (in the flaresection V). The four panels of film also extend from the body section IIto the bottom section I (forming bottom portion 49). When the flexiblecontainer 10 is in the collapsed configuration (FIG. 1), the neckportion 30 has a width that is less than the width of the taperedtransition section III, includes the neck portion has a “reduced width.”The flare portion 50 extends from the neck portion 30. FIGS. 1 and 3show the flare portion 50 and the neck portion 30 form an access openinginto the flexible container interior. As shown in FIGS. 1, 3 and 5, theflare portion 50 has an expanded end 51 and the width of the flareportion 50 gradually increases from the neck portion 30 to the expandedend 51. The flare sides 52 extend outwardly toward the handle legs 13,15 when moving from the neck portion 30 to the expanded end 51. Thepanels are sealed together to form a closed bottom section, a closedbody section, and a closed tapered transition section. Nonlimitingexamples of suitable heating procedures include heat sealing and/orultrasonic sealing. When the container 10 is in the expandedconfiguration, the expanded end 51 of the flare portion 50 is open or isotherwise unsealed. When the flexible container 10 is in the collapsedconfiguration, the expanded end 51 is unsealed and is openable. The openexpanded end 51 permits access to the container interior through theflare portion 50 and the neck portion 30 as shown in FIGS. 3 and 5.

The expanded end 51 has a width G having a length that is greater than awidth F of the neck portion 30, as shown in FIG. 1. In an embodiment,the length of width G (in millimeters, mm) is from 1.1, or 1.2, or 1.5,or 2.0, or 3.0, or 4.0 to 5.0, or 6.0, or 7.0, or 8.0 times greater thanthe length of width F.

When the flexible container 10 is in the expanded configuration (asshown in FIG. 3), the flare portion 50 defines a frustoconical-shapedinner volume whereby the diameter of the flare portion 50 increasesgradually when moving from the neck portion 30 to the expanded end 51.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 3-4, the flexible bottom handle 14 can bepositioned at a bottom end 46 of the container 10 such that the bottomhandle 14 is an extension of the bottom segment 26.

Each panel includes a respective bottom face. FIG. 4 shows fourtriangle-shaped bottom faces 26 a-26 d, each bottom face being anextension of a respective film panel. The bottom faces 26 a-26 d make upthe bottom segment 26. The four panels 26 a-26 d come together at amidpoint of the bottom segment 26. The bottom faces 26 a-26 d are sealedtogether, such as by using a heat-sealing technology, to form the bottomhandle 14. For instance, a weld can be made to form the bottom handle14, and to seal the edges of the bottom segment 26 together. Nonlimitingexamples of suitable heat-sealing technologies include hot bar sealing,hot die sealing, impulse sealing, high frequency sealing, or ultrasonicsealing methods.

FIG. 4 shows bottom segment 26. Each panel 18, 20, 22, 24 has arespective bottom face 26 a-26 d that is present in the bottom segment26. Each bottom face is bordered by two opposing peripheral taperedseals 40 a-40 d. Each peripheral tapered seal 40 a-40 d extends from arespective peripheral seal 41. The peripheral tapered seals for thefront panel 22 and the rear panel 24 have an inner edge 29 a-29 d (FIG.4) and an outer edge 31 (FIG. 6). The peripheral tapered seals 40 a-40 dconverge at a bottom seal area 33 (FIG. 1, FIG. 4, FIG. 6).

The front panel bottom face 26 a includes a first line A defined by theinner edge 29 a of the first peripheral tapered seal 40 a and a secondline B defined by the inner edge 29 b of the second peripheral taperedseal 40 b. The first line A intersects the second line B at an apexpoint 35 a in the bottom seal area 33. The front panel bottom face 26 ahas a bottom distalmost inner seal point 37 a (“BDISP 37 a”). The BDISP37 a is located on the inner edge.

The apex point 35 a is separated from the BDISP 37 a by a distance Sfrom 0 millimeter (mm) to less than 8.0 mm.

In an embodiment, the rear panel bottom face 26 c includes an apex pointsimilar to the apex point on the front panel bottom face. The rear panelbottom face 26 c includes a first line C defined by the inner edge ofthe 29 c first peripheral tapered seal 40 c and a second line D definedby the inner edge 29 d of the second peripheral tapered seal 40 d. Thefirst line C intersects the second line D at an apex point 35 c in thebottom seal area 33. The rear panel bottom face 26 c has a bottomdistalmost inner seal point 37 c (“BDISP 37 c”). The BDISP 37 c islocated on the inner edge. The apex point 35 c is separated from theBDISP 37 c by a distance T from 0 millimeter (mm) to less than 8.0 mm.

It is understood the following description to the front panel bottomface applies equally to the rear panel bottom face, with referencenumerals to the rear panel bottom face shown in adjacent closedparentheses.

In an embodiment, the BDISP 37 a (37 c) is located where the inner edges29 a (29 c) and 29 b (29 d) intersect. The distance between the BDISP 37a (37 c) and the apex point 35 a (35 c) is 0 mm.

In an embodiment, the inner seal edge diverges from the inner edges 29a, 29 b (29 c, 29 d), to form an inner seal arc 39 a (front panel) andinner seal arc 39 c (rear panel) as shown in FIGS. 4 and 8. The BDISP 37a (37 c) is located on the inner seal arc 39 a (39 c). The apex point 35a (apex point 35 c) is separated from the BDISP 37 a (BDISP 37 c) by thedistance S (distance T) which is from greater than 0 mm, or 1.0 mm, or2.0 mm, or 2.6 mm, or 3.0 mm, or 3.5 mm, or 3.9 mm, to 4.0 mm, or 4.5mm, or 5.0 mm, or 5.2 mm, or 5.3 mm, or 5.5 mm, or 6.0 mm, or 6.5 mm, or7.0 mm, or 7.5 mm, or 7.9 mm.

In an embodiment, apex point 35 a (35 c) is separated from the BDISP 37a (37 c) by the distance S (distance T) which is from greater than 0 mmto less than 6.0 mm.

In an embodiment, the distance from S (distance T) from the apex point35 a (35 c) to the BDISP 37 a (37 c) is from greater than 0 mm, or 0.5mm or 1.0 mm, or 2.0 mm to 4.0 mm or 5.0 mm or less than 5.5 mm.

In an embodiment, apex point 35 a (apex point 35 c) is separated fromthe BDISP 37 a (BDISP 37 c) by the distance S (distance T) which is from3.0 mm, or 3.5 mm, or 3.9 mm, to 4.0 mm, or 4.5 mm, or 5.0 mm, or 5.2mm, or 5.3 mm, or 5.5 mm.

In an embodiment, the distal inner seal arc 39 a (39 c) has a radius ofcurvature from 0 mm, or greater than 0 mm, or 1.0 mm to 19.0 mm, or 20.0mm.

In an embodiment, each peripheral tapered seal 40 a-40 d (outside edge)and an extended line from respective peripheral seal 41 (outside edge)form an angle G as shown in FIG. 1. The angle G is from 40° or 42°, or44°, or 45° to 46°, or 48, or 50°. In an embodiment, angle G is 45°.

The bottom segment 26 includes a pair of gussets 54 and 56 formedthereat, which are essentially extensions of the bottom faces 26 a-26 d.The gussets 54 and 56 can facilitate the ability of the flexiblecontainer 10 to stand upright. These gussets 54 and 56 are formed fromexcess material from each bottom face 26 a-26 d that are joined togetherto form the gussets 54 and 56. The triangular portions of the gussets 54and 56 comprise two adjacent bottom segment panels sealed together andextending into its respective gusset. For example, adjacent bottom faces26 a and 26 d extend beyond the plane of their bottom surface along anintersecting edge and are sealed together to form one side of a firstgusset 54. Similarly, adjacent bottom faces 26 c and 26 d extend beyondthe plane of their bottom surface along an intersecting edge and aresealed together to form the other side of the first gusset 54. Likewise,a second gusset 56 is similarly formed from adjacent bottom faces 26a-26 b and 26 b-26 c. The gussets 54 and 56 can contact a portion of thebottom segment 26, where the gusset portions gussets 54 and 56 cancontact bottom faces 26 b and 26 d covering them, while bottom segmentpanels 26 a and 26 c remain exposed at the bottom end 46.

As shown in FIGS. 3-4, the gussets 54 and 56 of the flexible container10 can further extend into the bottom handle 14. In the aspect where thegussets 54 and 56 are positioned adjacent bottom segment panels 26 b and26 d, the bottom handle 14 can also extend across bottom faces 26 b and26 d, extending between the pair of panels 18 and 20. The bottom handle14 can be positioned along a center portion or midpoint of the bottomsegment 26 between the front panel 22 and the rear panel 24.

The top handle 12 and the bottom handle 14 can comprise up to four plysof film sealed together for a four panel container 10. When more thanfour panels are used to make the container, the handles can include thesame number of panels used to produce the container. Any portion of thehandles 12, 14 where all four plys are not completely sealed together bythe heat-sealing method, can be adhered together in any appropriatemanner, such as by a tack seal to form a fully-sealed multilayer handle.Alternatively, the top handle can be made from as few as a single ply offilm from one panel only or can be made from only two plies of film fromtwo panels. The handles 12, 14 can have any suitable shape and generallywill take the shape of the film end. For example, typically the web offilm has a rectangular shape when unwound, such that its ends have astraight edge. Therefore, the handles 12, 14 would also have arectangular shape.

Additionally, the bottom handle 14 can contain a handle opening 16 orcutout section therein sized to fit a user's hand, as can be seen inFIG. 1. The handle opening 16 can be any shape that is convenient to fitthe hand and, in one aspect, the handle opening 16 can have a generallyoval shape. In another aspect, the handle opening 16 can have agenerally rectangular shape. Additionally, the handle opening 16 of thebottom handle 14 can also have a flap 38 that comprises the cut materialthat forms the handle opening 16. To define the handle opening 16, thehandle 14 can have a section that is cut out of the multilayer handle 14along three sides or portions while remaining attached at a fourth sideor lower portion. This provides a flap of material 38 that can be pushedthrough the opening 16 by the user and folded over an edge of the handleopening 16 to provide a relatively smooth gripping surface at an edgethat contacts the user's hand. If the flap of material were completelycut out, this would leave an exposed fourth side or lower edge thatcould be relatively sharp and could possibly cut or scratch the handwhen placed there.

Furthermore, a portion of the bottom handle 14 attached to the bottomsegment 26 can contain a dead machine fold 42 or a score line thatprovides for the handle 14 to consistently fold in the same direction,as illustrated in FIG. 3. The machine fold 42 can comprise a fold linethat permits folding in a first direction toward the front side panel 22and restricts folding in a second direction toward the rear panel 24.The term “restricts” as used throughout this application can mean thatit is easier to move in one direction, or the first direction, than inan opposite direction, such as the second direction. The machine fold 42can cause the handle 14 to consistently fold in the first directionbecause it can be thought of as providing a generally permanent foldline in the handle that is predisposed to fold in the first direction X,rather than in the second direction Y. This machine fold 42 of thebottom handle 14 can serve multiple purposes, one being that when a useris transferring the product from the container 10 they can grasp thebottom handle 14 and it will easily bend in the first direction X toassist in pouring. Secondly, when the flexible container 10 is stored inan upright position, the machine fold 42 in the bottom handle 14encourages the handle 14 to fold in the first direction X along themachine fold 42, such that the bottom handle 14 can fold underneath thecontainer 10 adjacent one of the bottom segment panels 26 a, as shown inFIG. 4. The weight of the product can also apply a force to the bottomhandle 14, such that the weight of the product can further press on thehandle 14 and maintain the handle 14 in the folded position in the firstdirection X. As will be discussed herein, the top handle 12 can alsocontain a similar machine fold that also allows it to fold consistentlyin the same first direction X as the bottom handle 14.

Additionally, as the flexible container 10 is evacuated and less productremains, the bottom handle 14 can continue to provide support to helpthe flexible container 10 to remain standing upright unsupported andwithout tipping over. Because the bottom handle 14 is sealed generallyalong its entire length extending between the pair of gusset panels 18and 20, it can help to keep the gussets 54 and 56 (FIG. 1, FIG. 3)together and continue to provide support to stand the container 10upright even as the container 10 is emptied.

As seen in FIGS. 1, 3, and 5, the top handle 12 can extend from the topsegment 28 and, in particular, can extend from the four panels 28 a-28 dthat make up the top segment 28. The four panels 28 a-28 d of film thatextend into the top handle 12 are all sealed together to form amulti-layer top handle 12. The top handle 12 can have a U-shape and, inparticular, an upside down U-shape with a horizontal upper handleportion 12 a having two pairs of spaced legs 13 and 15 extendingtherefrom. The pair of legs 13 and 15 extend from the top segment 28,adjacent the neck portion 30.

A portion of the top handle 12 can extend above the neck portion 30 andabove the top segment 28 when the handle 12 is extended in a positionperpendicular to the top segment 28 and, in particular, the entire upperhandle portion 12 a can be above the flare portion 50 and the topsegment 28. The two pairs of legs 13 and 15 along with the upper handleportion 12 a together make up the handle 12 surrounding a handle openingthat allows a user to place their hand therethrough and grasp the upperhandle portion 12 a of the handle 12.

As with the bottom handle 14, the top handle 12 also can have a deadmachine fold that permits folding in a first direction toward the frontside panel 22 and restricts folding in a second direction toward therear side panel 24. The machine fold can be located in each of the pairof legs 13, 15 at a location where the seal begins. The handle 12 can beadhered together, such as with a tack adhesive, for example. The machinefold in the handle 12 can allow for the handle 12 to be inclined to foldor bend consistently in the same first direction X as the bottom handle14, rather than in the second direction Y. As shown in FIGS. 1, 3, and5, the handle 12 can likewise contain a flap portion 36, that foldsupwards toward the upper handle portion 12 a of the handle 12 to createa smooth gripping surface of the handle 12, as with the bottom handle14, such that the handle material is not sharp and can protect theuser's hand from getting cut on any sharp edges of the handle 12.

In an embodiment, either top handle 12 or bottom handle 14 can be “apunch-out handle,” that is, a handle formed by a process the cuts out or“punches” film material from the flexile container, thereby removingfilm material from the flexible container. The punch-out handle does nothave, or is otherwise void of, flap portion 36 (for top handle 12)and/or flap portion 38 (for bottom handle 14).

In an embodiment, a grip member can be attached to either the top handle12 or the bottom handle 14. The grip member can be placed around tophandle 12 and/or bottom handle 14. Grip member can also be molded intothe flexible container. The grip member can be adhesively attached toany portion of the flexible container. The grip member providesadditional comfort to the user when carrying, or otherwise using, theflexible container. The grip member provides additional reinforcement tothe flexible container. In a further embodiment, the grip member can beremoved from the flexible container 10 after use and be re-used withanother flexible container.

When the container 10 is in a rest position, such as when it is standingupright on its bottom segment 26, as shown in FIG. 3, the bottom handle14 can be folded underneath the container 10 along the bottom machinefold 42 in the first direction X, so that it is parallel to the bottomsegment 26 and adjacent bottom panel 26 a, and the top handle 12 willautomatically fold along Its machine fold in the same first direction X,with a front surface of the handle 12 parallel to a top section or panel28 a of the top segment 28. The top handle 12 folds in the firstdirection X, rather than extending straight up, perpendicular to the topsegment 28, because of the machine fold. Both handles 12 and 14 areinclined to fold in the same direction X, such that upon dispensing, thehandles can fold the same direction, relatively parallel to itsrespective end panel or end segment, to make dispensing easier and morecontrolled. Therefore, in a rest position, the handles 12 and 14 areboth folded generally parallel to one another. Additionally, thecontainer 10 can stand upright even with the bottom handle 14 positionedunderneath the upright container 10.

The material of construction of the flexible container 10 can comprisefood-grade plastic. For instance, nylon, polypropylene, polyethylenesuch as high density polyethylene (HDPE) and/or low density polyethylene(LDPE) may be used as discussed later. The film of the plastic container10 can have a thickness and barrier properties that is adequate tomaintain product and package integrity during manufacturing,distribution, product shelf life and customer usage.

In an embodiment, the flexible multilayer film has a thickness from 100micrometers, or 200 micrometers, or 250 micrometers to 300 micrometers,or 350 micrometers, or 400 micrometers. In an embodiment, the filmmaterial provides the appropriate atmosphere within the flexiblecontainer 10 to maintain the product shelf life of at least about 180days. Such films can comprise an oxygen barrier film, such as a filmhaving a low oxygen transmission rate (OTR) from greater than 0 to 0.4cc/m²/atm/24 hrs at 23° C. and 80% relative humidity (RH). Additionally,the flexible multilayer film can also comprise a water vapor barrierfilm, such as a film having a low water vapor transmission rate (WVTR)from greater than 0 to 15 g/m²/24 hrs at 38° C. and 90% RH. Moreover, itmay be desirable to use materials of construction having oil and/orchemical resistance particularly in the seal layer, but not limited tojust the seal layer. The flexible multilayer film can be eitherprintable or compatible to receive a pressure sensitive label or othertype of label for displaying of indicia on the flexible container 10.

In an embodiment the film can also be made of non-food grade resins forproducing containers for materials other than food.

In an embodiment, each panel is made from a flexible multilayer filmhaving at least one, or at least two, or at least three layers. Theflexible multilayer film is resilient, flexible, deformable, andpliable. The structure and composition of the flexible multilayer filmfor each panel may be the same or different. For example, each of thefour panels can be made from a separate web, each web having a uniquestructure and/or unique composition, finish, or print. Alternatively,each of the four panels can be the same structure and the samecomposition.

In an embodiment, each panel 18, 20, 22, 24 is a flexible multilayerfilm having the same structure and the same composition.

The flexible multilayer film may be (i) a coextruded multilayerstructure or (ii) a laminate, or (iii) a combination of (i) and (ii). Inan embodiment, the flexible multilayer film has at least three layers: aseal layer, an outer layer, and a tie layer between. The tie layeradjoins the seal layer to the outer layer. The flexible multilayer filmmay include one or more optional inner layers disposed between the seallayer and the outer layer.

In an embodiment, the flexible multilayer film is a coextruded filmhaving at least two, or three, or four, or five, or six, or seven toeight, or nine, or 10, or 11, or more layers. Some methods, for example,used to construct films are by cast co-extrusion or blown co-extrusionmethods, adhesive lamination, extrusion lamination, thermal lamination,and coatings such as vapor deposition. Combinations of these methods arealso possible. Film layers can comprise, in addition to the polymericmaterials, additives such as stabilizers, slip additives, antiblockingadditives, process aids, clarifiers, nucleators, pigments or colorants,fillers and reinforcing agents, and the like as commonly used in thepackaging industry. It is particularly useful to choose additives andpolymeric materials that have suitable organoleptic and or opticalproperties.

In another embodiment, the flexible multilayer film can comprise abladder wherein two or more films that are adhered in such a manner asto allow some delamination of one or more plies to occur during asignificant impact such that the inside film maintains integrity andcontinues to hold contents of the container.

Nonlimiting examples of suitable polymeric materials for the seal layerinclude olefin-based polymer (including any ethylene/C₃-C₁₀ α-olefincopolymers linear or branched), propylene-based polymer (includingplastomer and elastomer, random propylene copolymer, propylenehomopolymer, and propylene impact copolymer), ethylene-based polymer(including plastomer and elastomer, high density polyethylene (“HDPE”),low density polyethylene (“LDPE”), linear low density polyethylene(“LLDPE”), medium density polyethylene (“MDPE”), ethylene-acrylic acidor ethylene-methacrylic acid and their ionomers with zinc, sodium,lithium, potassium, magnesium salts, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymersand blends thereof.

Nonlimiting examples of suitable polymeric material for the outer layerinclude those used to make biaxially or monoaxially oriented films forlamination as well as coextruded films. Some nonlimiting polymericmaterial examples are biaxially oriented polyethylene terephthalate(OPET), monoaxially oriented nylon (MON), biaxially oriented nylon(BON), and biaxially oriented polypropylene (BOPP). Other polymericmaterials useful in constructing film layers for structural benefit arepolypropylenes (such as propylene homopolymer, random propylenecopolymer, propylene impact copolymer, thermoplastic polypropylene (TPO)and the like, propylene-based plastomers (e.g., VERSIFY™ or VISTAMAX™)),polyamides (such as Nylon 6, Nylon 6,6, Nylon 6,66, Nylon 6,12, Nylon 12etc.), polyethylene norbornene, cyclic olefin copolymers,polyacrylonitrile, polyesters, copolyesters (such as PETG), celluloseesters, polyethylene and copolymers of ethylene (e.g., LLDPE based onethylene octene copolymer such as DOWLEX™, blends thereof, andmultilayer combinations thereof.

Nonlimiting examples of suitable polymeric materials for tie layerinclude functionalized ethylene-based polymers such as ethylene-vinylacetate (“EVA”), polymers with maleic anhydride-grafted to polyolefinssuch as any polyethylene, ethylene-copolymers, or polypropylene, andethylene acrylate copolymers such an ethylene methyl acrylate (“EMA”),glycidyl containing ethylene copolymers, propylene and ethylene basedolefin block copolymers INFUSE™ Olefin Block Copolymers available forthe Dow Chemical Company and INTUNE™ (PP-based Olefin Block Copolymersavailable from The Dow Chemical Company, and blends thereof.

The flexible multilayer film may include additional layers which maycontribute to the structural integrity or provide specific properties.The additional layers may be added by direct means or by usingappropriate tie layers to the adjacent polymer layers. Polymers whichmay provide additional mechanical performance such as stiffness oropacity, as well polymers which may offer gas barrier properties orchemical resistance can be added to the structure.

Nonlimiting examples of suitable material for the optional barrier layerinclude copolymers of vinylidene chloride and methyl acrylate, methylmethacrylate or vinyl chloride (e.g., SARAN resins available from TheDow Chemical Company); vinylethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH), metal foil(such as aluminum foil). Alternatively, modified polymeric films such asvapor deposited aluminum or silicon oxide on such films as BON, OPET, orOPP, can be used to obtain barrier properties when used in laminatemultilayer film.

In an embodiment, the flexible multilayer film includes a seal layerselected from LLDPE (sold under the trade name DOWLEX™ (The Dow ChemicalCompany)), single-site LLDPE substantially linear, or linear ethylenealpha-olefin copolymers, including polymers sold under the trade nameAFFINITY™ or ELITE™ (The Dow Chemical Company) for example,propylene-based plastomers or elastomers such as VERSIFY™ (The DowChemical Company), and blends thereof. An optional tie layer is selectedfrom either ethylene-based olefin block copolymer PE-OBC (sold asINFUSE™) or propylene-based olefin block copolymer PP-OBC (sold asINTUNE™). The outer layer includes greater than 50 wt % of resin(s)having a melting point, Tm, that is from 25° C., to 30° C., or 40° C. orhigher than the melting point of the polymer in the seal layer whereinthe outer layer polymer is selected from resins such as VERSIFY orVISTAMAX, ELITE™, HDPE or a propylene-based polymer such as propylenehomopolymer, propylene impact copolymer or TPO.

In an embodiment, the flexible multilayer film is co-extruded.

In an embodiment, flexible multilayer film includes a seal layerselected from LLDPE (sold under the trade name DOWLEX™ (The Dow ChemicalCompany)), single-site LLDPE (substantially linear, or linear, olefinpolymers, including polymers sold under the trade name AFFINITY™ orELITE™ (The Dow Chemical Company) for example, propylene-basedplastomers or elastomers such as VERSIFY™ (The Dow Chemical Company),and blends thereof. The flexible multilayer film also includes an outerlayer that is a polyamide.

In an embodiment, the flexible multilayer film is a coextruded film andincludes:

(i) a seal layer composed of an olefin-based polymer having a first melttemperature less than 105° C., (Tm1); and

(ii) an outer layer composed of a polymeric material having a secondmelt temperature, (Tm2),

wherein Tm2−Tm1>40° C.

The term “Tm2−Tm1” is the difference between the melt temperature of thepolymer in the outer layer and the melt temperature of the polymer inthe seal layer, and is also referred to as “ΔTm.” In an embodiment, theΔTm is from 41° C., or 50° C., or 75° C., or 100° C., to 125° C., or150° C., or 175° C., or 200° C.

In an embodiment, the flexible multilayer film is a coextruded film, theseal layer is composed of an ethylene-based polymer, such as a linear ora substantially linear polymer, or a single-site catalyzed linear orsubstantially linear polymer of ethylene and an alpha-olefin monomersuch as 1-butene, 1-hexene or 1-octene, having a Tm from 55° C. to 115°C. and a density from 0.865 to 0.925 g/cm³, or from 0.875 to 0.910g/cm³, or from 0.888 to 0.900 g/cm³ and the outer layer is composed of apolyamide having a Tm from 170° C. to 270° C.

In an embodiment, the flexible multilayer film is a coextruded filmhaving at least five layers, the coextruded film having a seal layercomposed of an ethylene-based polymer, such as a linear or substantiallylinear polymer, or a single-site catalyzed linear or substantiallylinear polymer of ethylene and an alpha-olefin comonomer such as1-butene, 1-hexene or 1-octene, the ethylene-based polymer having a Tmfrom 55° C. to 115° C. and density from 0.865 to 0.925 g/cm³, or from0.875 to 0.910 g/cm³, or from 0.888 to 0.900 g/cm³ and an outermostlayer composed of a polyamide having a Tm from 170° C. to 270° C.

In an embodiment, the flexible multilayer film is a coextruded filmhaving at least seven layers. The seal layer is composed of anethylene-based polymer, such as a linear or substantially linearpolymer, or a single-site catalyzed linear or substantially linearpolymer of ethylene and an alpha-olefin comonomer such as 1-butene,1-hexene or 1-octene, the ethylene-based polymer having a Tm from 55° C.to 115° C. and density from 0.865 to 0.925 g/cm³, or from 0.875 to 0.910g/cm³, or from 0.888 to 0.900 g/cm³. The outer layer is a polyamidehaving a Tm from 170° C. to 270° C.

In an embodiment, the flexible multilayer film includes a seal layercomposed of an ethylene-based polymer, or a linear or substantiallylinear polymer, or a single-site catalyzed linear or substantiallylinear polymer of ethylene and an alpha-olefin monomer such as 1-butene,1-hexene or 1-octene, having a heat seal initiation temperature (HSIT)from 65° C. to less than 125° C. Applicant discovered that the seallayer with an ethylene-based polymer with a HSIT from 65° C. to lessthan 125° C. advantageously enables the formation of secure seals andsecure sealed edges around the complex perimeter of the flexiblecontainer. The ethylene-based polymer with HSIT from 65° C. to less than125° C. is a robust sealant which also allows for better sealing to therigid fitment which is prone to failure. The ethylene-based polymer withHSIT from 65° C. to 125° C. enables lower heat sealingpressure/temperature during container fabrication. Lower heat sealpressure/temperature results in lower stress at the fold points of thegusset, and lower stress at the union of the films in the top segmentand in the bottom segment. This improves film integrity by reducingwrinkling during the container fabrication. Reducing stresses at thefolds and seams improves the finished container mechanical performance.The low HSIT ethylene-based polymer seals at a temperature below whatwould cause the outer layer to be compromised.

In an embodiment, the flexible multilayer film is a coextruded fivelayer film, or a coextruded seven layer film having at least two layerscontaining an ethylene-based polymer. The ethylene-based polymer may bethe same or different in each layer.

In an embodiment, the flexible multilayer film is a coextruded fivelayer, or a coextruded seven layer film having at least two layerscontaining a polyamide polymer.

In an embodiment, the flexible multilayer film is a seven-layercoextruded film with a seal layer composed of an ethylene-based polymer,or a linear or substantially linear polymer, or a single-site catalyzedlinear or substantially linear polymer of ethylene and an alpha-olefinmonomer such as 1-butene, 1-hexene or 1-octene, having a Tm from 90° C.to 104° C. The outer layer is a polyamide having a Tm from 170° C. to270° C. The film has a ΔTm from 40° C. to 200° C. The film has an innerlayer (first inner layer) composed of a second ethylene-based polymer,different than the ethylene-based polymer in the seal layer. The filmhas an inner layer (second inner layer) composed of a polyamide the sameor different to the polyamide in the outer layer. The seven layer filmhas a thickness from 100 micrometers to 250 micrometers.

FIG. 6 shows an enlarged view of the bottom seal area 33 (area 6) ofFIG. 1 and the front panel 26 a. The fold lines 60 and 62 of respectivegusset panels 18, 20 are separated by a distance U that is from 0 mm, orgreater than 0 mm, or 0.5 mm, or 1.0 mm, or 2.0 mm, or 3.0 mm, or 4.0mm, or 5.0 mm to 12.0 mm, or greater than 60.0 mm (for largercontainers, for example). In an embodiment, distance U is from greaterthan 0 mm to less than 6.0 mm. FIG. 6 shows line A (defined by inneredge 29 a) intersecting line B (defined by inner edge 29 b) at apexpoint 35 a. BDISP 37 a is on the distal inner seal arc 39 a. Apex point35 a is separated from BDISP 37 a by S having a length from greater than0 mm or 1.0 mm, or 2.0 mm, or 2.6 mm, or 3.0 mm, or 3.5 mm, or 3.9 mm to4.0 mm, or 4.5 mm, or 5.0 mm, or 5.2 mm, or 5.5 mm, or 6.0 mm, or 6.5mm, or 7.0 mm, or 7.5 mm, or 7.9 mm.

In FIG. 6, an overseal 64 is formed where the four peripheral taperedseals 40 a-40 d converge in the bottom seal area. The overseal 64includes 4-ply portions 66, where a portion of each panel is heat sealedto a portion of every other panel. Each panel represents 1-ply in the4-ply heat seal. The overseal 64 also includes a 2-ply portion 68 wheretwo panels (front panel and rear panel) are sealed together.Consequently, the “overseal,” as used herein, is the area where theperipheral tapered seals converge that is subjected to a subsequent heatseal operation (and subjected to at least two heat seal operationsaltogether). The overseal is located in the peripheral tapered seals anddoes not extend into the chamber of the flexible container 10.

In an embodiment, the apex point 35 a is located above the overseal 64.The apex point 35 a is separated from, and does not contact the overseal64. The BDISP 37 a is located above the overseal 64. The BDISP 37 a isseparated from and does not contact the overseal 64.

In an embodiment, the apex point 35 a is located between the BDISP 37 aand the overseal 64, wherein the overseal 64 does not contact the apexpoint 35 a and the overseal 64 does not contact the BDISP 37 a.

The distance between the apex point 35 a to the top edge of the overseal64 is defined as distance W shown in FIG. 6. In an embodiment, thedistance W has a length from 0 mm, or greater than 0 mm, or 2.0 mm, or4.0 mm to 6.0 mm, or 8.0 mm, or 10.0 mm or 15.0 mm.

When more than four webs are used to produce the container, the portion68 of the overseal 64 may be a 4-ply, or a 6-ply, or an 8-ply portion.

In an embodiment, the flexible container 10 has a vertical drop testpass rate from 90%, or 95% to 100%. The vertical drop test is conductedas follows. The container is filled with tap water to its nominalcapacity, conditioned at 25° C. for at least 3 hours, held in uprightposition from its upper handle at 1.5 m height (from the base or side ofthe container to the ground), and released to a free fall drop onto aconcrete slab floor. If any leak is detected immediately after the drop,the test is recorded as a failure. A minimum of twenty flexiblecontainers are tested. A percentage for pass/fail containers is thencalculated.

In an embodiment, the flexible container 10 has a side drop pass ratefrom 90%, or 95% to 100%. This side drop test is conducted as follows.The container is filled with tap water to its nominal capacity,conditioned at 25° C. for at least 3 hours, held in upright positionfrom its upper handle. The flexible container is released on its sidefrom a 1.5 m height to a free fall drop onto a concrete slab floor. Ifany leak is detected immediately after the drop, the test is recorded asfailure. A minimum of twenty flexible containers are tested. Apercentage for pass/fail containers is then calculated.

In an embodiment, the flexible container 10 passes the stand-up testwhere the package is filled with water at ambient temperature and placedon a flat surface for seven days and it should remain in the sameposition, with unaltered shape or position.

In an embodiment, the flexible container 10 has a volume from 0.050liters (L), or 0.1 L, or 0.15 L, or 0.2 L, or 0.25 liters (L), or 0.5 L,or 0.75 L, or 1.0 L, or 1.5 L, or 2.5 L, or 3 L, or 3.5 L, or 4.0 L, or4.5 L, or 5.0 L to 6.0 L, or 7.0 L, or 8.0 L, or 9.0 L, or 10.0 L, or 20L, or 30 L.

The flexible container 10 can be used to store any number of flowablesubstances therein. In particular, a flowable food product can be storedwithin the flexible container 10. In one aspect, flowable food productssuch as salad dressings, sauces, dairy products, mayonnaise, mustard,ketchup, other condiments, beverages such as water, juice, milk, orsyrup, carbonated beverages, beer, wine, animal feed, pet feed, and thelike can be stored inside of the flexible container 10.

The flexible container 10 is suitable for storage of other flowablesubstances including, but not limited to, oil, paint, grease, chemicals,suspensions of solids in liquid, and solid particulate matter (powders,grains, granular solids).

The flexible container 10 is suitable for storage of flowable substanceswith higher viscosity and requiring application of a squeezing force tothe container in order to discharge. Nonlimiting examples of suchsqueezable and flowable substances include grease, butter, margarine,soap, shampoo, animal feed, sauces, and baby food.

2. Fitment

The present process includes inserting a fitment into the flare portion50 from the expanded end 51. As shown in FIGS. 7-17, the fitment 70includes a base 72 and a closure 74. Although the base 72 has a circularcross-sectional shape, it is understood that the base 72 can have othercross-sectional shapes such as a polygonal cross-sectional shape, forexample. The base 72 with circular cross-sectional shape is distinctfrom fitments with canoe-shaped bases used for conventional two-panelflexible pouches.

In an embodiment, the outer surface of the base 72 has surface texture.The surface texture can include embossment 73, and a plurality of radialridges to promote sealing to the inner surface of the neck portion 30 aswill be discussed below.

In an embodiment, the fitment 70 excludes fitments with oval,wing-shaped, eye-shaped, or canoe-shaped bases.

Although FIGS. 7-17 show a screw-on type closure (for use with a matedscrew-on cap), it is understood that the fitment 70 may embody otherclosure systems. Nonlimiting examples of suitable fitments and closures,include, screw cap, flip-top cap, snap cap, liquid or beveragedispensing fitments (stop-cock or thumb plunger), Colder fitmentconnector, tamper evident pour spout, vertical twist cap, horizontaltwist cap, aseptic cap, vitop press, press tap, push on tap, lever cap,conro fitment connector, and other types of removable (and optionallyreclosable) closures. The closure and/or fitment may or may not includea gasket.

In an embodiment, the closure 74 is watertight. In a further embodiment,the closure 74 provides a hermetic seal to the container 10.

In an embodiment, the fitment 70 can be made of a rigid construction andcan be formed of any appropriate plastic, such as high densitypolyethylene (HDPE), low density polyethylene (LDPE), polypropylene(PP), and combinations thereof. The location of the neck portion 30 canbe anywhere on the top segment 28 of the container 10. In an embodimentthe neck portion 30 is located at the center or midpoint of the topsegment 28.

In an embodiment, the fitment is made by co-injection of a two-componentstructure A/B wherein A is an inside material having a melting point,Tm, greater than the Tm of an outside material B (seal side). In anotherembodiment, the materials A and B are different types of materials,where an optional tie layer C adheres material A to material B. In afurther embodiment, the outside material B has a low coefficient offriction (COF) to facilitate fitment insertion into the neck portion 30.

In an embodiment, the fitment 70 includes a polymeric composition havingan Izod impact resistance from greater than 50 Joules (J)/meter (m), or100 J/m, or 150 J/m, or 200 J/m, or 250 J/m to 300 J/m, or 350 J/m, or400 J/m, or 450 J/m, or 500 J/m. Izod impact resistance is measured inaccordance with ASTM D 256. In a further embodiment, the fitmentincludes a polyolefin having an Izod impact resistance from greater than50 J/m, or 100 J/m, or 150 J/m, or 200 J/m, or 250 J/m to 300 J/m, or350 J/m, or 400 J/m, or 450 J/m, or 500 J/m.

In an embodiment, the fitment 70 includes a polymeric compositioncontaining a polyolefin with a melt temperature (Tm) greater than orequal to the melt temperature of the polyolefin present in the seallayer of the multilayer film used to make the panels. When clamp heatsealing is utilized to form the seal between the base 72 and the neckportion 30, a nonlimiting example includes a fitment 70 composed of aHDPE having a Tm of 125° C. and the seal layer for the container 10contains an LDPE with a Tm of 105° C. Another nonlimiting example is afitment 70 composed of LLDPE with Tm of 120° C., and the container 10has a seal layer containing an ethylene/α-olefin copolymer (AFFINITY™ PL1140G) with a Tm 96° C.

In an embodiment, the process includes supporting the fitment 70 on amandrel 80, and subsequently inserting the fitment 70 first into theexpanded end 51, then into the flare portion 50, and then into the neckportion 30. A plurality of fitments may be fed sequentially to themandrel 80 by an automated feed system as shown in FIGS. 7-8. FIG. 7shows the mandrel 80 moving into position to receive and support one ofa plurality of fitments 70. Although FIG. 7 shows the mandrel 80 havinga length similar to the length of the closure 74, it is understood thatthe mandrel 80 can have a length the same as, or substantially the sameas, or greater than, the length of the fitment 70. In other words, themandrel 80 can partially support, or fully support, the fitment 70, thebase 72, the closure 74, and any combination thereof.

FIG. 8 shows the fitment 70 supported on the mandrel 80. The outerdiameter of the mandrel 80 is mated to the inner diameter of the fitment70 such that the fitment 70 fits, snugly fits, or friction fits on themandrel 80. In other words, the mandrel 80 is configured to fitinto/through the closure 74, or into/through both the closure 74 and thebase 72.

In an embodiment, the mandrel 80 is a component of an automated system,the mandrel a component of a movable arm as shown in FIGS. 7-16.

FIG. 9 shows the fitment 70 (supported by the mandrel 80) approachingthe expanded end 51 of the flare portion 50. FIG. 10 shows the fitment70 (supported by the mandrel 80) entering through, or otherwiseinserting into, the expanded end 51 and into the flare portion 50. InFIG. 11, the fitment 70 (supported by the mandrel 80) continues to move,and continues to enter into, or continues to insert into, the neckportion 30. In an embodiment, the outer diameter of the base 72 is thesame as, or slightly less than, the inner diameter of the neck portion30 such that the base 72 snugly fits, or otherwise friction fits, intothe neck portion 30.

Although FIGS. 7-11 show the mandrel 80 (with fitment 70) moving towardthe flexible container 10, it is understood that the flexible container10 may be moved toward the mandrel 80 (supporting the fitment 70), themandrel 80 being stationary, or intermittently stationary andintermittently movable, during the insertion process. Alternatively, theprocess may entail a system whereby the flexible container 10 and themandrel 80 each is movable with respect to the other, such that theflexible container 10 and the fitment 70 (supported by the mandrel 80)can each be moved toward and away from the other in order to insert thefitment 70 into the expanded end 51, through the flare portion 50, andinto the neck portion 30.

In an embodiment, the process includes adjoining the fitment 70 to theneck portion 30. As shown in FIG. 11, the base 72 of the fitment 70 isinserted into the neck portion 30, with the outer surface of the base 72adjoined to the inner surface of the base 72 by way of friction fit,compression fit, an adhesive composition, and combinations thereof.

With the base 72 located in the neck portion 30, an embodiment of theprocess includes heat sealing the base 72 of the fitment 70 to the neckportion 30. The heat sealing procedure utilizes opposing heat sealclamps 90, 92 as shown in FIGS. 12-13. The heat seal clamps are heatedto a temperature greater than or equal to the melt temperature (Tm) ofthe seal layer of the multilayer film and less than the melt temperatureof the fitment 70. The heat seal clamps 90, 92 compress the seal layerof the multilayer film against the outer surface of the base 72 for aduration from 0.1 seconds, or 0.5 seconds, or 1.0 second, or 2.0seconds, or 3.0 seconds, or 4.0 seconds, or 5.0 seconds to 6.0 seconds,or 7.0 seconds, or 8.0 seconds, or 9.0 seconds or 10 seconds. Themandrel 80 supports the fitment 70 during the contact and compressionbetween the heat seal clamps 90, 92 and the neck portion 30. In anembodiment, the process includes supporting the base 72 with the mandrel80 during the seal process. The seal process can be clamp heat seal orultrasonic seal. Support of the fitment 70 by the mandrel 80advantageously avoids deformation of the fitment 70 (and the base 72 andthe closure 74) during the heat seal procedure.

In an embodiment, the process includes ultrasonic sealing the base 72 ofthe fitment 70 to the neck portion 30. Ultrasonic sealing entailsdirecting ultrasonic vibration to the interface between the base 72 andthe neck portion 30 while pressure is applied. The ultrasonic energymelts a portion of the interface to create a seal between the base 72and the neck portion 30. In an embodiment, the process includesultrasonically sealing a base 72 composed of ethylene/α-olefin copolymersuch as ELITE™ (4.0 MI and 122° C. Tm) to a neck portion 30 having seallayer composed of ethylene/α-olefin copolymer ELITE™ 5400G (1.0 MI, 122°C. Tm) and/or ethylene/α-olefin copolymer AFFINITY™ PL 1880G (1.0 MI,99° C. Tm).

Since ultrasonic sealing heats only the seal layer, the Tm of the seallayer can be from 10° C. to 5° C. less than the Tm of the fitment. In anembodiment, the process includes ultrasonically sealing a fitment 70composed of an ethylene/α-olefin copolymer (such as AFFINITY™ PL 1880G)having a Tm of 99° C. to a neck portion 30 having a seal layer composedof an LDPE with a Tm of 105° C.

In an embodiment, the process includes rotating the flexible container90° or from 80° to 100°, with respect to the heat seal clamps andrepeating the heat sealing procedure described above. FIG. 12 shows thefirst heat seal sequence and FIG. 13 shows the second heat seal sequencewith the flexible container 10 rotated 90°. Heat seal clamps 90, 92 movein opposing directions and toward each other to compress heat seal theneck portion 30 onto the base 72.

In an embodiment, the process includes forming a watertight seal betweenthe base 72 and the neck portion 30.

In an embodiment, the process includes forming a watertight and airtightseal between the base 72 and the neck portion 30.

As shown in FIG. 14, the heat seal formed between the neck portion 30and the base 72 defines an excess flare portion 96. Thus, an embodimentof the present process includes forming, with the adjoining, an excessflare portion.

In an embodiment, the process includes removing the excess flare portion96 from the flexible container 10. FIGS. 14-16 show a score device 100placed into contact with the neck portion 30 of the flexible container10. A blade portion 102 of the score device 100 contacts the neckportion 30 as the flexible container 10 is rotated to score, cut, orotherwise disconnect the excess flange portion 96 from the neck portion30. The mandrel 80 is then moved away from the fitment 70 (or viceversa) and the excess score portion 96 is removed from the flexiblecontainer 10. The excess flare portion 96 may be recycled or discarded.

In an embodiment, the process includes inserting the fitment through theflare portion. The mandrel enters the neck portion such that the fitmentbase enters the container interior. The mandrel may extend to such alength that the entire fitment (base and top) may be inserted, orotherwise enter, the container interior. The process includes contactingthe score device with the neck portion and supporting the neck portionwith the mandrel during the contacting. The process includes rotatingthe neck portion (or rotating the score device) to cut excess flareportion from the neck portion. In this way, the mandrel supports theneck during scoring, thereby avoiding cuts to the fitment. The processincludes removing the excess flare portion from the neck portion. Oncethe excess flare portion is removed, the process includes retracting,with the mandrel, the fitment into the neck portion and sealing thefitment base to the neck portion.

FIG. 17 shows the completed flexible container 10 having the fitment 70inserted thereon. A flowable substance is located in the containerinterior. The flexible container 10 is a stand-up container (otherwiseknown as a stand-up pouch or SUP).

In an embodiment, a flowable substance can be added to the flexiblecontainer 10 either before or after the fitment 70 is inserted into theflare portion 50. The flowable substance can be any flowable substance(particulate or liquid) as previously disclosed above. In oneembodiment, the process includes inserting a flowable substance throughthe fitment 70 that is previously adjoined to the neck portion 30.

In another embodiment, the process includes adding a flowable substanceto the flexible container interior before the fitment 70 is insertedinto the expanded end 51. The process includes adding the flowablesubstance through the expanded end 51, through the flare portion 50,through the neck portion 30, and into the container interior. Afterflowable substance is added to the container interior, the fitment 70can be inserted into the expanded end 51, into the flare portion 50, andadjoined to the neck portion 30 as previously discussed above.

In an embodiment, a carry member is attached to the fitment. The carrymember can be attached to fit around a portion of, or all, the outercircumference of the fitment by way of one, some, or all of thefollowing: friction fit, compression fit, and snap-on fit. The carrymember is advantageous when the flexible container does not includehandles. The carry member can also be used to dispense the contents fromthe flexible container.

3. Sealed Container No Fitment

The present disclosure provides another process. In an embodiment, theprocess includes (A) providing a flexible container with four panels.The four panels form (i) a body portion, (ii) a neck portion, (iii) atapered transition portion between the body portion and the neckportion, and (iv) the neck portion has a reduced width. The processincludes (B) adding, through the neck, a flowable substance into thecontainer interior; and (C) sealing the neck portion.

The flexible container can be any flexible container as described above.However, in this embodiment, the flexible container lacks a fitment(i.e., lacks fitment 70) and the flare portion is optional.

In an embodiment, the flexible container does not include, or isotherwise void of, a flare portion as shown in FIG. 18. The processincludes sealing the neck portion 30 and forming a neck seal 150. Theneck seal 150 can be a heat seal, an adhesive seal, and a combinationthereof.

In an embodiment, the neck seal 150 is a heat seal.

The neck seal 150 may include notches 152 (or cut-outs), and/or aperforation 154 to promote actuation of, or opening, the neck seal 150.Actuation of the neck seal 150 may be performed by hand (tear seal) orby way of scissors, blade or other sharp object.

In an embodiment, the flexible container 10 includes the flare portion50 as shown in FIG. 19. The flare portion 50 has an expanded end 51, andthe width of the flare portion gradually increases from the neck portionto the flare expanded end, as previously disclosed herein. The processincludes adding a flowable substance through the expanded end 51,through the flare portion 50, through the neck portion 30, and into thecontainer interior. With the flowable substance in the containerinterior, the process includes sealing the flare portion 50 to form aflare seal 160 as shown in FIG. 19. The flare portion 50 can be sealedat the expanded end 51, below the expanded end 51, and combinationsthereof. It is understood that when the flexible container includes theflare portion, the flare seal replaces, or otherwise substitutes, theneck seal.

The flare seal 160 can include notches 162 and/or a perforation 164 topromote actuation of the flange seal as disclosed above with respect tothe neck seal.

The flexible container with the neck seal or the flare seal can be asingle use container or a re-sealable container. In an embodiment, theflexible container is a single use container and the process includesadding a flowable substance through either the neck portion 30 (orthrough the flare portion 50) and into the container interior. With theflowable substance in the container interior, the process includesforming a notched seal (also known as a tear seal) in either the neckportion 30 (notches 152, FIG. 18), or in the flare portion 50 (notches162, FIG. 19). When the notched seal is actuated, access to thecontainer interior is provided and the flowable substance is dispensedthrough the neck portion 30 (or the flare portion 50).

In an embodiment, either the neck seal 150 or the flare seal 160 can bea re-sealable seal. The process includes adding a flowable substancethrough the neck 30 (or through the expanded end 51, through the flareportion 50, through the neck portion 30), and into the containerinterior. With the flowable substance in the container interior, theprocess includes forming a re-sealable seal in either the neck portion30 or in the flare portion 50.

FIG. 18 shows an interlocking rib structure 156 that is a re-sealstructure such as a Zip-loc-type re-seal structure, for example. Othernonlimiting examples of suitable re-sealable seals include a peelableseal, a flap seal, an adhesive seal (such as a pressure sensitiveadhesive seal, a zipper seal, hook and loop re-seal structure(Velcro-type seal), and any combination thereof.

In an embodiment, either the neck seal 150 or the flare seal 160includes a microcapillary strip. With actuation of seal 150/160, themicrocapillary strip provides controlled spray delivery of the containercontents.

In an embodiment, either the neck seal 150 or the flare seal 160 mayinclude a closure. The closure covers the exposed opening of the neckseal or flare seal after the seal has been actuated. Nonlimitingexamples of suitable closures include a Ziploc-type closure, hook andloop material (i.e., Velcro), an adhesive strip (such as packaging tape,for example), and flexible material hingedly attached to the flexiblepouch for placement over the opened seal.

The present process may comprise two or more embodiments disclosedherein.

Definitions

The numerical ranges disclosed herein include all values from, andincluding, the lower value and the upper value. For ranges containingexplicit values (e.g., 1 or 2, or 3 to 5, or 6, or 7) any subrangebetween any two explicit values is included (e.g., 1 to 2; 2 to 6; 5 to7; 3 to 7; 5 to 6; etc.).

Unless stated to the contrary, implicit from the context, or customaryin the art, all parts and percents are based on weight, and all testmethods are current as of the filing date of this disclosure.

The term “composition,” as used herein, refers to a mixture of materialswhich comprise the composition, as well as reaction products anddecomposition products formed from the materials of the composition.

The terms “comprising,” “including,” “having,” and their derivatives,are not intended to exclude the presence of any additional component,step or procedure, whether or not the same is specifically disclosed. Inorder to avoid any doubt, all compositions claimed through use of theterm “comprising” may include any additional additive, adjuvant, orcompound, whether polymeric or otherwise, unless stated to the contrary.In contrast, the term, “consisting essentially of” excludes from thescope of any succeeding recitation any other component, step orprocedure, excepting those that are not essential to operability. Theterm “consisting of” excludes any component, step or procedure notspecifically delineated or listed.

Dart drop test is measured in accordance with ASTM D 1709 with resultsreported in grams, g.

Density is measured in accordance with ASTM D 792 with results reportedas grams per cubic centimeter, or g/cm³.

Elmendorf tear, machine direction, MD, cross direction CD, is measuredin accordance with ASTM D 1922, with results reported in grams, g.

An “ethylene-based polymer,” as used herein is a polymer that containsmore than 50 mole percent polymerized ethylene monomer (based on thetotal amount of polymerizable monomers) and, optionally, may contain atleast one comonomer.

Flexural modulus (2%) is measured in accordance with ASTM D 790 withresults reported in megaPascals, MPa.

The term “heat seal initiation temperature,” is minimum sealingtemperature required to form a seal of significant strength, in thiscase, 2 lb/in (8.8N/25.4 mm). The seal is performed in a Topwave HTtester with 0.5 seconds dwell time at 2.7 bar (40 psi) seal barpressure. The sealed specimen is tested in an Instron Tensiomer at 10in/min (4.2 mm/sec or 250 mm/min).

Izod impact resistance is measured at 25° C. and in accordance with ASTMD 256 with results reported in Joules per meter, J/m.

Melt flow rate (MFR) is measured in accordance with ASTM D 1238,Condition 280° C./2.16 kg (g/10 minutes).

Melt index (MI) is measured in accordance with ASTM D 1238, Condition190° C./2.16 kg (g/10 minutes).

Secant modulus (2%), MD and CD, is measured in accordance with ASTM D882 with results reported as megaPascals, or MPa.

Strain at tensile strength, MD and CD, is measured in accordance withASTM D 882 with results reported as percent, %.

Tensile elongation to break is measured in accordance with ASTM D 638with results reported in percent, %.

Tensile strength, MD and CD, is measured in accordance with ASTM D 882with results reported as megaPascals, or MPa.

Tensile strength to yield is measured in accordance with ASTM D 638results reported in megaPascals, MPa.

Tm or “melting point” as used herein (also referred to as a melting peakin reference to the shape of the plotted DSC curve) is typicallymeasured by the DSC (Differential Scanning calorimetry) technique formeasuring the melting points or peaks of polyolefins as described inU.S. Pat. No. 5,783,638. It should be noted that many blends comprisingtwo or more polyolefins will have more than one melting point or peak,many individual polyolefins will comprise only one melting point orpeak.

An “olefin-based polymer,” as used herein is a polymer that containsmore than 50 mole percent polymerized olefin monomer (based on totalamount of polymerizable monomers), and optionally, may contain at leastone comonomer. Nonlimiting examples of olefin-based polymer includeethylene-based polymer and propylene-based polymer.

A “polymer” is a compound prepared by polymerizing monomers, whether ofthe same or a different type, that in polymerized form provide themultiple and/or repeating “units” or “mer units” that make up a polymer.The generic term polymer thus embraces the term homopolymer, usuallyemployed to refer to polymers prepared from only one type of monomer,and the term copolymer, usually employed to refer to polymers preparedfrom at least two types of monomers. It also embraces all forms ofcopolymer, e.g., random, block, etc. The terms “ethylene/α-olefinpolymer” and “propylene/α-olefin polymer” are indicative of copolymer asdescribed above prepared from polymerizing ethylene or propylenerespectively and one or more additional, polymerizable α-olefin monomer.It is noted that although a polymer is often referred to as being “madeof” one or more specified monomers, “based on” a specified monomer ormonomer type, “containing” a specified monomer content, or the like, inthis context the term “monomer” is understood to be referring to thepolymerized remnant of the specified monomer and not to theunpolymerized species. In general, polymers herein are referred to hasbeing based on “units” that are the polymerized form of a correspondingmonomer.

A “propylene-based polymer” is a polymer that contains more than 50 molepercent polymerized propylene monomer (based on the total amount ofpolymerizable monomers) and, optionally, may contain at least onecomonomer.

Some embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described indetail in the following Examples.

EXAMPLES

1. Materials

Four panel flexible containers having a neck and a body as shown inFIGS. 1-6 are formed using the seven-layer film provided in Table 1. Thecontainers used in the present examples and in the comparative samples(CS) are produced with a volume of 3.875 L using a 150 micrometer (μm)seven-layer film ISO X7-7135C-1TC produced by ISO Poly Films (GrayCourt, S.C.) as shown in Table 1.

TABLE 1 Composition of 7-layer coextruded flexible multilayer film %Thick- Weight Den- Overall Description ness % Layer sity ULTRA- Nylon6/66 viscosity 13.0% 15.3% 1 1.12 MID number 195 cm³/g C33L01 (ISO 307 @0.5% in 96% H₂SO₄), melting point 196° C. (ISO 3146) AMPLIFY Maleicanhydride 12.0% 11.6% 2 0.922 TY1352 grafted polyethylene 0.922 g/cm³;1.0 MI @ 2.16 Kg 190° C. ELITE Polyethylene density 20.0% 19.2% 3 0.9165400G 0.916 g/cm³; 1.0 MI @ 2.16 Kg 190° C. AMPLIFY Maleic anhydride12.0% 11.6% 4 0.922 TY1352 grafted polyethylene 0.922 g/cm³; 1.0 MI @2.16 Kg 190° C. ULTRA- Nylon 6/66 viscosity 6.0% 7.0% 5 1.12 MID number195 cm³/g C33L01 (ISO 307 @ 0.5% in 96% H₂SO₄), melting point 196° C.(ISO 3146) AMPLIFY Maleic anhydride 12.0% 11.6% 6 0.922 TY1352 graftedpolyethylene 0.922 g/cm³; 1.0 MI @ 2.16 Kg 190° C. AFFINITY Ethylenealpha-olefin 23.6% 22.3% 7* 0.899 PF1146G copolymer 0.899 g/cm³; 1.0 MI@ 2.16 Kg 190° C. AMPACET Slip masterbatch 1.0% 1.0% 7* 0.92 10090 (S)available from Ampacet Corp. AMPACET Antiblock masterbatch 0.4% 0.4% 7*1.05 10063 (AB) available from Ampacet Corp. Total 100.0% 100.0% *layer7 is a 3-component blend, layer 7 is the heat seal layer (or seal layer)

TABLE 2 Film Properties for ISO X7-7135C-1TC Property Method Units ValueDart Drop test ASTM D1709 g 1500 2% Secant Modulus, ASTM D882 MPa 172+/12 machine direction (MD) 2% Secant Modulus, ASTM D882 MPa 180 +/− 15cross direction (CD) Film Thickness ASTM D6988 Micro- 152 +/− 2  metersElmendorf ASTM D1922 g 5553 +/− 692 Tear, MD Elmendorf ASTM D1922 g 5471+/− 979 Tear, CD Tensile ASTM D882 MPa 31.2 +/− 0.7 Strength MD Strainat Tensile ASTM D882 % 434 +/− 12 Strength MD Tensile ASTM D882 MPa 31.0+/− 1.3 Strength CD Strain at tensile ASTM D882 % 468 +/− 9  Strength CD

The flexible containers are fabricated under the heat seal conditionsprovided in Table 3 below using fabrication equipment by KRW MachineryInc. (Weaverville, N.C.). All seals in the flexible containers are madewith one strike.

TABLE 3 Heat Seal Conditions for 0.15 mm Films (Web Sandwich of 0.6 mm,4 ply) Seal Bar Overseal Temp- Platen Dwell protrusion erature,Pressure, Time, height, Seal Bar Seals ° C. J/cm² sec mm DimensionsPeri- 143 258 0.75 0 10 mm × pheral perimeter for 3.875 L Over- 182 2580.75 0.30 3.2 mm × 25.4 seal mm (overseal bar, centered about the apexpoint, W = 3.5 mm)

The flexible containers have the container geometry as described herein.In particular, each flexible container tested has the bottom geometry asshown in FIG. 4 and an oversea) shown in FIG. 6. The distance betweenthe apex point and BDISP (i.e., distance S) is approximately 4 mm.

Table 4 provides nonlimiting examples of materials suitable to produce afitment that can be used in the present process. In an embodiment, thefitment is composed of a material having an Izod impact resistance fromgreater than 50 J/m to 500 J/m and shown in Table 4 below.

TABLE 4 Fitment Material Performance Flexural Tensile Tensile ModulusIzod Impact Strength Elongation 2% Resistance to Yield to Break Secant25° C. Material Product density MI (MPa) (%) (MPa) (J/m) Tm (° C.) HighDensity Dow HDPE 8262B 0.960  8 29 670 1110  15** 140 Polyethylene HighDensity Dow DMDA 8920 0.954 20 28.3 250 1150  21** 130 Polyethylene LowDensity LDPE 9931 (Dow) 0.923 25 10.3 40  317 420  110 PolyethyleneLinear Low Density Dow DNDA 8320 0.924 20 11.7 60  386 — 123polyethylene Linear Low Density LLDPE DOWLEX ™ 0.919  6 8.1 560  328430  124 polyethylene 2535 Enhanced ELITE ™ 5230G 0.916  4 9 539 — — 122polyethylene Polypropylene Braskem PP 5E16S 0.910   40⁺ 32 7  1351* 27** ~165 Homopolymer hPP Polypropylene A. Shulman 0.900    5⁺ 20.7 >50 850* 530  ~135 Impact Copolymer Polypropylene 1188-01 *1% secantmodulus ⁺MFR **comparative sample

Comparative Sample 1 (CS1)

A 3.875 L container blank made at the above conditions of film ISOX7-7135C-1TC and sealed as in Table 3 having no flare portion (fullyformed container but has not had fitment yet attached) such that theneck is uniform in diameter. An HDPE fitment (70) of design shown inFIGS. 7-17 with 38 mm outer diameter (OD) at threads and 41 mm OD with1.6 mm wall thickness at base is inserted into the top of the fullyformed blank without any flare portion. Insertion of the fitment intothe top of the neck results in frequent fold over of the neck filmrequiring manual unfolding of the film and resulting in slower speeds ofmanufacture. Failure to properly seat the film onto the fitment prior tosealing can also result in sealing failures at or near locations wherethe film is folded over by the insertion process. 10 production runsunder these parameters are performed and the times for each productionphase are averaged as shown in Table 5.

Example 1

A 3.875 L container blank made at the above conditions of film ISOX7-7135C-1TC and sealed as in Table 3 but having a flare portion suchthat top opening is a greater diameter than the neck diameter. An HDPEfitment 70 of design shown in FIGS. 7-17 with 38 mm OD at threads and 41mm OD with 1.6 mm wall thickness at base is inserted directly into thetop opening of the flare portion and into the neck without folds of thefilm of the neck allowing easy placement of the fitment into the neckand good sealing of the film of the neck to the fitment. 10 productionruns under these parameters are performed and the times for eachproduction phase are averaged as shown in Table 5.

Example 2

A 3.875 L container blank made at the above conditions of film ISOX7-7135C-1TC and sealed as in Table 3 but having a flare portion suchthat top opening is a greater diameter than the neck diameter. An HDPEfitment 70 of design shown in FIGS. 7-17 with 38 mm OD at threads and 41mm OD with 1.6 mm wall thickness at base is inserted directly into thetop opening of the flare portion and into the neck without folds of thefilm of the neck allowing easy placement of the fitment into the neckand good sealing of the film of the neck to the fitment. The flareportion is hand trimmed at the bottom of the flare portion with bladeagainst film on fitment (as in FIGS. 7-16, but by hand). The flareportion is then removed from the container. 10 production runs underthese parameters are performed and the times for each production phaseare averaged as shown in Table 5.

Example 3

A 3.875 L container blank made at the above conditions of film listed inTable 1 above has no fitment but having a flare portion such that topopening is a greater diameter than the neck diameter. An HDPE fitment 70of design shown in FIGS. 7-17 with 38 mm outer diameter (OD) at threadsand 41 mm OD with 1.6 mm wall thickness at base is inserted into the topopening, through the flare portion but deeper and past the neck to allowthe base of the flare portion to be supported only by the mandrel. Thefilm is then trimmed at the base of the flare portion on the mandrelsupport and the fitment is then pulled back into the neck in positionfor sealing. The heat seal is made between the neck portion and thefitment base. The mandrel is then retracted from the sealed fitment andthe excess flare portion removed. 10 production runs under theseparameters are performed and the times for each production phase areaveraged as shown in Table 5.

Table 5 shows the production steps from fitment insertion to heatsealing. These steps constitute the total time to build a flexiblecontainer with fitment, i.e., the “Total Build Time.” Total Build Timeis reported in seconds. The values in Table 5 are an average of 10production runs under the stated parameters for each sample.

TABLE 5 Build time for containers with fitments by hand 2^(nd) sealInsertion 1^(st) Seal, (90 deg), Total description Insert Trim sec secseal Total Build (average of 10 time, time, Position 177° C./4.4 177°C./4.4 time, Time Example builds) sec sec time, sec bar bar sec (sec) CS1 Base inserted 60 NA 4 4 2 6 70 into neck by hand and sealed Ex 1 Baseinserted 7 NA 4 4 2 6 17 into flare top/neck by hand and sealed Ex 2Base insert into 7 20 4 4 2 6 37 flare top/neck, trimmed on fitment byhand and sealed Ex 3 Base insert into 7 14 4 4 2 6 31 flare top pastneck, trimmed on mandrel by hand, pulled back into neck and sealed

Examples 1-3 each have a Total Build Time that is less than the TotalBuild Time for Comparative Sample 1. Table 5 shows that provision of theflare portion reduces production time (i.e., reduces Total Build Time)and improves production efficiency.

Comparative Sample 2 (CS2) and Examples 4-5

Containers are made as in the process described in Example 1 but usingan alternate 38 mm fitment material having 1.6 mm wall thickness. Theexamples in Table 6 show a fitment consisting of different materials canbe successfully installed. In an embodiment, the fitments have Izodimpact strengths by ASTM D256 from greater than 50 J/m to 500 J/m. Table6 also shows seals that have both strength and hermeticity can beachieved as shown by successful burst and hang tests, respectively.

TABLE 6 Examples of containers made with fitments of different materialsSeal conditions (Temperature, Ex- seal time, Burst Hang ample MaterialProduct pressure) test test CS2 High DMDA 8920 177° C., 4 sec Pass Pass(comp- Density 1^(st) seal, rotate arative) Poly- 90 deg, 2 sec ethyleneseal 2^(nd) seal, 4.4 bar Ex 4 High DMDA 177° C., 4 sec Pass PassDensity 8920 + 20% 1^(st) seal, rotate Poly- ENGAGE ™ 90 deg, 2 secethylene 8200 seal 2^(nd) seal, with 4.4 bar modifier Ex 5 Linear DNDA8320 177° C., 4 sec Pass Pass Low 1^(st) seal, rotate Density- 90 deg, 2sec poly seal 2^(nd) seal, ethylene 4.4 bar

Burst Test Procedure

Process:

-   -   1.) All flexible containers are numbered/tagged with testing        number, identifying film #, and production set points (if        necessary)    -   2.) All flexible containers are pre-inflated via manual        inflation or compressed air.    -   3.) Caps are applied tightly.    -   4.) Flexible containers are placed inside the vacuum pressure        chamber and lid is closed.    -   5.) Vacuum pressure is applied via vacuum pump. Pressure should        be applied slowly as flexible container continues to inflate.    -   6.) Units of vacuum are recorded in (inHg). Exceptional results        are 18 (inHG) held for 60 seconds. Passing is 12 (inHg).    -   7.) Any weak areas of seal will be exposed as leaks during the        testing time period. Bubbles should be looked for and can        indicate a weak area of the flexible container.    -   8.) The flexible container is filled completely with air and the        closure on the fitment is tightened. Then the flexible container        is completely submerged in a water bath. The chamber over the        water is then evacuated to create a vacuum. A “pass” score for        the burst test is when there are no bubbles visually observed in        the water bath after 30 seconds at 40 kilopascals of vacuum.

Gravity Hang Test Procedure

Process:

-   -   1.) All flexible containers are numbered/tagged with testing        number, identifying film #, and production set points (if        necessary)    -   2.) All flexible containers are filled with room temp water to        recommended fill height.    -   3.) 3 drops of Methylene Blue die and 3 drops of surfactant        (soap) are added to each flexible container and agitated.    -   4.) Closures are applied tightly to the fitment.    -   5.) Flexible containers are then hung both neck side down and        neck side up to test the strength of both the neck seal and the        caulk seal areas.    -   6.) Flexible containers are left hanging for 48 hours.    -   7.) Any weak areas of seal will be exposed as leaks during the        testing time period.    -   8.) A “pass” score for the hang test is hanging the flexible        container for 48 hours without a leak detected. Leaks are        detected by visual identification of white paper below the        flexible container to show any drops that have fallen. The water        solution added to the flexible container contains a blue        vegetable dye for aiding visual detection of the leak. The water        solution also contains a drop or two of soap (Dawn dish soap)        where the soap surfactant helps allow water to penetrate any        gaps in seal that might be present.

Wall thickness is thickness (in mm) of the fitment base.

For example, the stiffness factor of HDPE 8262B at 1 mm wall thickness(1.1), is equivalent to the stiffness factor (1.1) of LLDPE Dowlex 2535or LDPE 9931 at a wall thickness of 1.5 mm. For a lower modulus materialsuch as ENGAGE 8401, a wall thickness of 3.3 mm would be required toobtain a stiffness factor of 1.1.

Applicant discovered that utilization of the present process (mandrelsupport of fitment and subsequent fitment insertion into neck portionvia expanded end and flare portion) advantageously enables“thin-walling,” or the reduction of the wall thickness for the fitmentbase, permitting the use of thinner walled fitments as well as theopportunity to use different materials for the fitments.

For example, the wall thickness of the fitment base used in conventionalfour-sided flexible containers is about 2.0 mm. The present processadvantageously enables “thin-walling,” or the reduction of the wallthickness for the base of the fitment. Applicant unexpectedly found thatthe present process enables the production of a four-panel flexiblecontainer with a fitment having a base wall thickness from 0.15 mm, or0.2 mm, or 0.3 mm, or 0.5 mm, or 0.7 mm, or 0.9 mm, or 1.0 mm to 1.1 mm,or 1.3 mm, or 1.5 mm, or 1.7 mm, or 1.9 mm.

It is specifically intended that the present disclosure not be limitedto the embodiments and illustrations contained herein, but includemodified forms of those embodiments including portions of theembodiments and combinations of elements of different embodiments ascome with the scope of the following claims.

1-11. (canceled)
 12. A process comprising: A) providing a flexiblecontainer with four panels, the four panels forming (i) a body portion,(ii) a neck portion, (iii) a tapered transition portion between the bodyportion and the neck portion, (iv) the neck portion having a reducedwidth, (B) adding, through the neck portion, a flowable substance intothe container interior; and (C) sealing the neck portion.
 13. Theprocess of claim 12 comprising heat sealing the neck portion.
 14. Theprocess of claim 11 wherein the flexible container comprises a flareportion having an expanded end, the width of the flare portion graduallyincreases from the neck portion to the flare portion expanded end; andsealing the flare portion.
 15. The flexible container of claim 11comprising opening the seal and re-sealing the seal.